Inflammable liquid and process of producing the same.



1. AGREER'.

INF LAMMABLE LIQUIDFN D PROCESS OF PRODUCING THE SAME.

n I L APPLICATION FILED MAY 24, 19H).

' Patenfed Aug. 1- 1917.

2 SHEETS--SHEET I.

- I. GREER. INFLAIVIMABLE LIQUID AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING TIIESAME.

APPLICATION FILED MAY'ZM I915. I

1 3 6, 5 57 I I I Fatah ted Aug. 14, 191-7.

2 SHEETSS H EET 2.

' fl/farnef.

30 turcs and condensing" t FICE? amiss ensue, or EAST cameos, NEWJERSEY.

masses.

' To all whom it may com/em:

Be it known that I, Janus Gram, tau-x .zen of the UnitedStates, residingat East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of s New Jersey, haveinvented anew and useful Improvement in Inflammable Liquids and Processof Producing the Same, of which the following'is a specification.

In the manufacture of illuminating gas by the oil, coal and water-gasprocesses, a liquor is produced resulting from condensation in thepassage of the gas through the condensers, scrubbers, purifiers, and inthe pipes connecting these parts with each other and with thegas-holders, which under present methods is led as a waste product tothe open tar well and there joins the other waste lay-products. 7

l have discovered that the above waste oss is evaporated and lost byexposure of the well, the heat of the latter-tending to accelcrate. suchevaporation.

The process. for conserving this volatile pro-duct consists inpreventing evaporation by scaling the receptacles 'contalnlng theliquor, distilling the letter at low temperathe vapors of distiliation.A In the accompanying drawings form ng apart of this specification:

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically an ap- I 35 paratus' for carrying: outthe process in connection with a plant for making Pint'sch gas.

2 shows diagrammatically plant for making water gas, showing where thewaste liquor is derived, from winch the til liquid embodying theinvention is produced.

. .The liquid embodying the invention is derived from'the waste liquorwhich collccts in the condensers, scrubbers. purifiers, meters.gasomlters. and p pes connect-mg ts: these parts with each other in anygas-producinp; plant in which oil is used in the manufacture of the gas.for'examplmin the manufacture of water gas. Pint-sch gas, and the like.Inthe drawing. which shows die converted into a gas. Thegas is conductedfrom the retorts I to super-heaters land then part of this invention.liquor contains a new, and valuable oil,-ex- When the gas passes throughthe 0011- tremely volatile, which under the usual proe graimnaticallvone type of gas manufactur- Human mourn :rnocuss orrnonuorn'e m sane.

SpeclflcetionofLettersPatent.- P e t Aug, 14, 1e17, a li ation filed May24.12215. semmcaopea discharge ends of which are immersed in the hottar, causing the gas to pass through the tar. The gas and the taroverflowing-from the tar seal 3 pass through agas and tar mam 5 to starpot 6. A pipe 7 conducts the tar from the tar pot 6' to a. tar trap 8fromwhich the tar overflows through a pipe 9 to a tar well 10. The'hotgas from the tar pot 6 passes through a gas main 11 to a contoa tar seal3 through pipes 4:, the lower or denser 12 and leaves the condenserthrough" a'main 13 leading to a washer 14: and thence other apparatusnot shown). All of these parts have heretofore been used in the menufacture of gas and of themselves form-no densers, washers anduurifiers,a waste liquor separates or distils from-the gas andislwithdrawn therefrom through pipes 16, 17 and 18 respectively, whichdischarge the liquor into a waste or drip pipe manifold 19. Thismanifold heretofore was 'connected by pipes 20, shown in dotted lines.with the tar trap,

so that this waste'liquor found itswey to the tar well. in whichtheliquid embodying the invention. being very volatile, passed F theatmosphere in the form of gas.

In the manufacture of the liquid or oil embodying the invention, thefrom the manifold 19 is 'receivlzd through a pipe A in the closed'tanlr'A which is vented through a pipe A to the gas holder, not

shown, thus maintaining gas-pressure in the I preventing evaporatlon ofthe 9 1 tank and volatile elements'in the liquor.

The gas producing-plant shown diagramwaste liquor 1 matically in Fig. .2'is-of the type-commonly; employed in city gas works for making watergas. In this figure, 21 represents the generator which is charged withcoal heated to a high temperature-and through which steam. is blown. Theresulting gas is ducted into a carburetor 22in which thel" is mixedwith. the gas for the purpose of increasing the illuminating power ofthe gash From the carburetor the gas enters a so err heater 23 whichconverts. the gas intofa gas. .From the super-heater thegas passesthroi'igh a washer 24in which the gas passes" through water, thusremoving some of the tar.

The gas then enters a. scrubber 25 in, which t ereof the tar isseparated from the" gas. The tar from the washer 24 and scrubher 25 1sconducted through a seal '26 to a I discharge 27 connected with the hottar well. The gas from the scrubber passes through a condenser 28 into arelief holder 1 129, from which it is drawn by an exhausting engine(not. shown) and propelled through a dry'scrubber 30 and through apurifier31,

being discharged from the purifier through a'pipe 32 leading to agasometerpr gas holder or other device, not shown, a

The drippings or liquor formed in the L condenser 28, relief holder 29,dry scrubber .30, purifier 31, gasometer, and the pipes valves.

connecting these members' is. collected by means of pipes33,.3t,.85f3f63; 38, all of which plpes lead to sates-a tenna. The pipes33-38 inclusive heretofore discharged the .drippings into the hot tarwell, together with the pipe 27, but in-the manufacture of the liquidembodying the invention the liquor passing through the.pipes 33,

34, 35, 36, 37 and 38 inclusive is utilized as hereinafter described.

B, Fig. 1, is a still equipped with a steam coil B through which'heat issupplied to.

the contents and controlled by suitable charged from the still to thetar well. C

through the discharge pipe B and B is an overflow pipe leading to. theSame well which also receives the waste products from the tar sealsthrough the pipeas usual The pipe A from the'tank A leadst a tar pump aby which the liquor in the tank is delivered to the still through thepipe A.

When the still has been thus suppliedthe temperature is gradually raisedbythe ad- I missionof steam to the coil B until the de-.

sired volatile matter in the liquor va prizes and passes through theperforate diaphragm or baflie p carried in suspension in the vapor, andthence through the pipe B to a condenser D containing the usual worm Dbathed in cooling water, where it is condensed and passes in liquid formto a receiver 'E. The delivery pipe D from the condenser reacheslevelfalls below the intake of the oil de-,-

livery pipe E which is sufliciently above the discharge end of themaintenance of the water seal, and the oil thus accumulated in thereceiver is the product sought and is discharged into the closed oiltank F from which itis drawn as re- .The undistilled residue is disDistillate up to 225 topipe 'D to insure.

quired. The reservoir F is also closed, and vented through .tli'e-f--pipe F" to the gas holder. A

The pressure from the gas holder is slight but sufiicient to prevent theevaporation and escape of the volatile constituents throughout theapparatus and is virtually the same as that under which the waste liquoris produce'd in the gas plant.

The tar may be cooled and received with the waste liquor or drippings ina sealed tar well, vented to the gas holder or otherwise supplied withthe required pressure, and the wholedistilled to extract the same'oil,but experiments indicate the quantity of the desired elements containedin the tar is relatively very small while the drippings are rich in oil.It is therefore preferable to hold'the rich liquor sealed againstevaporation separate from the tar products.

The-distillate recovered from the liquor, either distilled separatelyfrom the tar or from the mixed tar and rich liquor is the light,volatile, inflammable oil which it is the object of this invention toobtain.

The liquor is distilled preferably at temperatures rising up to 150 0.;at thattemperatu're, if the liquor treated be derived from themanufacture of Pintsch or oil gas, about 51.5 per cent. or more willpass over to the condenser, depending upon the character of the oil usedin the manufacture of the oil gas, approximately as follows:

Distilled to 100 o 12.5% 100 0. to 4.0 C 30.0% 140 0. to 150 o 9.0

i The residue consists of heavy hydrocarbons and tars. ate B at .the topof the still, serving to arrest any heavy particles The.distillateproduced at temperatures rising to 150 C ls'a volatile,oil-like liquid having substantially the following characteristics:

Color Medium straw. Specific gravity About .841 to .861 Fl ash About 3F. Fire About 27 F.

First drop distils at About 120 F.

Distillateup to 200? FA About 35.2% Distillate up to 200 to 225 F; About42.8%

About 12.6

'250 F ,Distillate up to 250 to 275 F About 5.4% Residue About 2.0%Unaccounted About 2.0%

Time of burning 40cc". About 12 min.

The new product is adapted for various purposes. It provides a cheap andefiicient substitute for gasolene and analogous fuels in internalcombustion engines and other uses; The addition of a relatively smallture of illuminating gas without exposureto proportion of the new oil togasolene used the atmosphere, said liquor being produced in internalcombustion engines materially when oil is used in the'manufacture of theincreases the efliciency of such engines and gas, holding the liquorunder pressure suflihas the valuable propertyof preventingthe cient toprevent evaporation, distillin such deposition of carbon in thecylinders. It is liquor at temperatures rising to 150 and especiallywell adapted for use in melting collecting the distillate.

snow and ice on switches and other railroad 5. The method of producingthe, herein appliances andion man-hole covers and like describedvolatile, inflammable liquid, which devices, for the reason that itsextreme VOlaconsists in collecting theliquor condensed in tilitymaintains a continuous flame when the manufacture of illuminating gaswithout distributed upon ice or snow, practically unexposure to theatmosphere, said liquor betil entirely consumed, and without the oifen-.ing deposited before the gas passes out of sive odor attending the use.of Pintscb hythe low'pressure. gas holder and being prodrocarbon oilfor snow melting purposes.

I claim as my invention:

-1. The herein described light, volatile, inflammable liquid, derivedfrom the distilladuced when oil is used in the manufacture of the gas,holding the liquor in a closed re-.

ceptacle having a vent to the. gas holder of such gas-producing plant,distilling such tion at temperatures up to 150 C. of the liquor attemperatures rising up to 150 C., waste liquor produced in thecondensers, nd collecting the distillate.

scrubbers, purifiers, and pipes connecting 6. The method of producingthe herein these parts in the manu actu of atdescribed volatile,inflammable liquid, which ing as when oil is used inthe manufactureconsists in collecting the liquor condensed of tie gas, said liquidbeing light-colored in the manufacture of illuminating gas oil-like andhavin afiashing point about without exposure to the atmosphere, said -3F.,- and a specific gravity of approxi liquor'being deposited before thegas'passes mately .841 to .861.

2. The herein described light, volatile, inproduced when oil is used inthe manufac-v flammable liquid, derived from the distillature of thegas, holding thelliquor in a closed out of the low pressure gas holderand being tion at temperatures up "to 150 C. of waste receptacle at thepressured the gas holder liquorproduced in the manufacture of llluofsuch gas-producing plan, 3" ('istilling the minating as when oil is usedin the manuliquor at such presstire {It temperatures ri'sfacture o thegas, said liquor being deing to 150 (1., a,,d collecti1ig thedistillate. posited before the gas passes out of the gas 7 The hcrein iies'cribedili'ght, volatile, inholder, said liquid being a light-colored,oilflammable liquid derived from the distillalike liquid havingapproximately a specific tion of the waste liquor produced. in thegravity of- .8el to .861, a flashing point about manufacture ofilluminating gas and held at 3 F., and a firing point of about 27 F. thepressure of such gas-producing plant, 3. The method of producing theherein said liquor being deposited before the gas described volatile,inflammable liquid, which passes out of the low-pressure gas holder,

consists in collecting the liquor produced and being produced when oilisused in the in the manufacture of illuminating gas, bemanufacture of thegas, the liquor having fore the'gas passes out of the gas holder andapproximately the followin characteris when oil is used in themanufacture of the ticsz firstf drop distils at a out 120 F.; gas,holding the liquor from exposure to the distilled up to 200 F., 35.2%;from 200 F., atmosphere at substantially'the usual pres to 225 F.,42.8%; from 225 F., to 250 F., sure of the illuminating gas, distillinsuch 12.6%; and from 250 F., to 275 F., 5.4%. liquor at temperaturesrislng to 150 and Witness my hand'this 19th day of May, collecting thedistillate. 1915.

4:. The method of producing the herein described volatile, inflammableliquid, which consists in collecting thev liquor condensed in thecondensers, scrubbers and purifiers and pipes connected therewith in themanufac JAMES. GREER.

